Sound is one of the most important things in film and TV. It is everything that you hear when watching. Sound is one of the hardest things to get right especially when editing, but it can also get in the way when you are recording as well. Sound isn't just effects its the dialogue and its also the music that plays when the action is taking place as well. You have to pick the right sort of sound to use otherwise it will not make sense to the audience who are watching. If you want to show an aggressive fight then you wouldn't have really happy music playing at the same time etc.
Synchronous/asynchronous
Synchronous - this is where the sound matches the action that is on screen. An example of this would be a group of people clapping and you see their hand movements matching the sound.
Asynchronous - This is where the sound docent match the action that is on screen. An example of this would be hearing a bus coming down the street before you actually see it.
Diegetic/Non-Diegetic
Diegetic sound is where a type of sound that you both hear and see when its on the screen. For example if a coin is dropped you will see and hear it when it makes contact with the floor.
Non-Diegetic - This is where you don't see the action on screen but you hear it. An example of this would be hearing a coin drop on the floor but not seeing it on the screen.
Sound Bridge
When sound carries on in the next scene or shot.
Parallel & Contrapuntal soundtrack
Parallel soundtrack
This is where the soundtrack matches what is happening on the screen. For example if someone died on the screen then sad music would be played.
Contrapuntal soundtrack
This is where the soundtrack is the opposite of what is happening on the screen. An example of this would be a happy wedding scene having sad music over the top.
Ignore the title of the video below, it shows parallel and contrapuntal soundtrack not asynchronous and synchronous.
